Asthma is a chronic inflammation of the bronchial tubes (airways) that affects the airways. It causes swelling and narrowing (constriction) of the airway.
Why it occurs?
Causes are-
- Respiratory Infections e.g. Common Cold
- Airborne allergens such as pollen, mold, animal dander and dust mites
- Physical activity/exercise
- Irritants and Air pollutants e.g. smoke
- Certain medications
- Strong emotions/Stress
- Changes in weather (common- cold weather)
- Chemicals in the air/food
- Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD), a condition in which stomach acids back up into your throat
- Allergic reactions to some foods e.g. peanuts or shellfish
- Menstrual cycle in some women
What are the Symptoms?
Common symptoms
- Wheezing or whistling sounds with breathing
- Shortness of breath
- Chest pain
- Tightness in the chest
- Cough with or without sputum production, especially at night
Emergency symptoms
- Common symptoms become more frequent and bothersome
- Extreme breathing difficulty with sweating
- A racing pulse
- Fear
- Severe anxiety
- Severe drowsiness or confusion
What can happen if it left untreated?
Untreated asthma leads to very serious conditions. Complications are-
- The requirement of ventilator/breathing assistance for breathing
- A persistent cough
- Permanent narrowing of the bronchial tubes
- Death
- Decreased ability to exercise/physical activities
- Lack of sleep
- Permanent changes in lung function
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